> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://lang.gitbook.io/en/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://lang.gitbook.io/en/conlangs/creations/neweng-orthography.md).

# NewEng Orthography

*Here is just a brief introduction to NewEng Orthography.*

*NewEng has its own dedicated site,* [NewEng Orthography](https://lang.gitbook.io/en/neweng-orthography/)*.* 

{% content-ref url="/spaces/nQuhfcBU5w4vA1rwurTv" %}
[NewEng Orthography](https://lang.gitbook.io/en/neweng-orthography/)
{% endcontent-ref %}

My highest-complexity conscript thus far is less a script and more a con-alphabet: it combines letters from Latin, Greek and Cyrillic, and uses copious diacritics to modify both vowels and consonants. It is perhaps acceptable to call it a conscript because, even though it uses existing letters and diacritics, it is an entire alphabet *and* orthography. An orthography is a way of transcribing the sounds and concepts of a language into the written form; it is the step between a spoken language and its chosen script.

This conscript I have dubbed *NewEng* (someone else made one with the same name), and at its peak phase it is a lossless orthography — that is, it loses no etymological or grammatical data. Additionally, it *increases* informational resolution, by replacing identical English letters & digraphs with phonetically and/or etymologically accurate letters. 

For example, ⟨th⟩ in English has three sounds: the common two of /θ/ and /ð/, and the rare third of /tʰ/ . In NewEng, /θ/ is ⟨Þ-þ⟩, /ð/ is ⟨Ð-ð⟩, and /tʰ/ is ⟨th⟩. 

The digraph ⟨gh⟩ has two sounds: silence, and /f/. Historically, the letter was yogh, ⟨Ȝ-ȝ⟩, seemingly representing a sound similar to modern Greek's gamma ⟨Γ-γ⟩, /ɣ/. Over time, this sound was lost in English, becoming a diphthong closer /j\~w/, sometimes aspirated /ɸ/. This is how we have words like sigh /sɑj/, bough /baw/, dough /dɜw/, cough /kɔf/. NewEng represents these two sounds with the letter yogh again, silence as ⟨ȝ⟩ and /f/ as ⟨ȝ̌⟩, as such: 

* sigh → sīȝ
* bough → bauȝ
* dough → dȣ̄ȝ
* cough → cȣ̊ȝ̌